MP Materials Reports Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Results

Produced first NdFeB magnets on commercial equipment at Independence

Awarded $200 million incentive package for new 10X magnetics facility to be constructed in Northlake, Texas

Produced record 2,599 metric tons of NdPr oxide in 2025, a 101% increase year-over-year

Sold record 1,994 metric tons¹ of NdPr oxide in 2025, a 75% increase year-over-year

Produced record 50,692 metric tons of REO in concentrate in 2025, a 12% increase year-over-year

Generated fourth quarter Net income of $9.4 million and Adjusted EBITDA of $39.2 million

Signed significant NdPr oxide offtake agreement with new strategic OEM

MP Materials Corp. (NYSE:MP) ("MP Materials" or the "Company"), today announced its financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2025.

Fourth Quarter 2025 Highlights

• Produced first NdFeB magnets on commercial equipment at Independence
• Produced 718 metric tons (MTs) of NdPr oxide and sold 562 MTs¹, a 74% and 20% increase year-over-year, respectively
• Produced 12,080 MTs of rare earth oxides ("REO") in concentrate, a 5% year-over-year increase
• Generated $0.05 of Diluted EPS, $0.09 of Adjusted Diluted EPS, $9.4 million of Net income and $39.2 million of Adjusted EBITDA

Full Year 2025 and Recent Highlights

• Awarded $200 million incentive package, anchored by Texas Semiconductor Innovation Fund ("TSIF") grant, for new 10X magnetics facility to be constructed in Northlake, Texas
• Signed significant NdPr oxide offtake agreement with new strategic OEM
• Produced record 2,599 MTs of NdPr oxide and sold 1,994 MTs¹, a 101% and 75% increase year-over-year, respectively
• Produced record 50,692 MTs of REO in concentrate, a 12% increase year-over-year
• Entered into transformational public-private partnership with the U.S. Department of War to accelerate supply chain independence
• Signed definitive, long-term agreement to supply Apple with rare earth magnets made from materials recycled at Mountain Pass

"2025 was a transformational year for MP Materials," said MP Materials Founder, Chairman, and CEO, James Litinsky. "Our landmark partnership with the U.S. Department of War, together with our agreement with Apple to deliver scaled recycling and magnetics capabilities, anchors a durable platform to accelerate growth and extend our vertically integrated advantage."

Litinsky continued, "Operationally, we executed with discipline across the business — doubling NdPr oxide production at Mountain Pass and producing our first magnets on commercial-scale equipment at Independence. In 2026, we expect to break ground on our 10X magnetics facility in Northlake, ramp magnet production for General Motors and deliver continued growth in NdPr output. We are rapidly scaling every dimension of our platform to establish enduring American leadership in rare earth magnetics."

Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Consolidated Financial Highlights

Fourth Quarter 2025 Consolidated Review

To align with the terms of the agreements with the United States Department of War (the "DoW") signed in July 2025, and in further support of our domestic supply chain objectives, we ceased all sales of our products to China, which resulted in no revenue recognized from rare earth concentrate during the quarter, driving the 14% decline in consolidated revenue year-over-year to $52.7 million. The decline in revenue was partially offset by $19.9 million of magnetic precursor products sales with no comparable revenue in the prior year period, coupled with an $8.3 million increase in NdPr oxide and metal sales driven by higher NdPr Production Volume as a result of ramping production of separated products over the last twelve months.

Adjusted EBITDA increased by $49.9 million year-over-year to $39.2 million, primarily due to the NdPr price floor protection agreement with the DoW (the "Price Protection Agreement" or "PPA") for our NdPr products, which commenced on October 1, 2025. Given market prices for NdPr products in the fourth quarter, we recognized price protection agreement income ("PPA Income") based on the right to receive cash from the DoW for the difference between $110 per kilogram and the Benchmark Quarterly Average Volume Weighted Price for the NdPr products produced at Mountain Pass that were sold or produced and stockpiled during the fourth quarter of 2025. Also contributing to the improvement was an $11.4 million increase in the Magnetics Segment Adjusted EBITDA, due to the recognition of magnetic precursor product sales, with no comparable revenue in the prior year period.

Adjusted Net Income was $18.3 million for the quarter, representing a $37.2 million year-over-year improvement from the prior year Adjusted Net Loss of $(18.9) million, driven primarily by the higher Adjusted EBITDA as discussed above, along with higher interest income due to increased cash and short-term investment balances. The improvement in Adjusted Net Income was partially offset by $11.4 million of amortization related to the price protection agreement upfront asset, with no comparable cost in the prior year period, along with income tax expense in the current period compared to an income tax benefit in the fourth quarter of 2024.

Net income was $9.4 million for the quarter, representing a $31.8 million year-over-year improvement from the prior year Net loss of $(22.3) million, primarily due to the factors driving the improvement in Adjusted Net Income discussed above.

Diluted earnings per share ("EPS") and Adjusted Diluted EPS increased by $0.19 and $0.21 year-over-year, respectively, to $0.05 and $0.09, respectively, in line with the change in Net income and Adjusted Net Income discussed above. Additionally, the current period Diluted EPS and Adjusted Diluted EPS were impacted by a higher average share count, primarily driven by the dilutive effect of the preferred shares and warrant issued to the DoW as part of the July agreement.

Full Year 2025 Consolidated Review

Revenue increased 10% to $224.4 million compared to 2024 primarily as a result of the ramp-up in production of separated products throughout 2025, resulting in higher NdPr oxide and metal revenue in the current year. Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2025, we began recognizing revenue from the sales of magnetic precursor products, with no comparable revenue in the prior year. The increase was partially offset by lower rare earth concentrate revenues, driven by the cessation of all sales to China starting in July 2025.

Adjusted EBITDA increased by $61.6 million year-over-year to $11.4 million, driven primarily by the PPA Income as well as the commencement of magnetic precursor product sales, both as discussed above.

Adjusted Net Loss improved by $33.3 million year-over-year to $(40.8) million, driven mainly by the changes in Adjusted EBITDA. The improvement was partially offset by $11.4 million of amortization related to the price protection agreement upfront asset, with no comparable cost in the prior year, as well as the unfavorable impact of tax adjustments when compared to the prior year.

Net loss increased by $20.5 million year-over-year to $(85.9) million, as the improved Adjusted Net Loss was offset in the current year by higher legal costs, as well as higher Advanced projects and development expenses, which included transaction costs associated with the DoW agreements and to secure financing. Also impacting the comparison was a $52.9 million gain on the early extinguishment of debt in 2024.

Adjusted Diluted EPS improved by $0.20 to $(0.24) in line with the change in Adjusted Net Loss discussed above. Diluted EPS improved by $0.07 to $(0.50) as the larger net loss in the current year was offset by the dilutive impact of the 2026 Notes repurchased in March 2024 on the prior year's Diluted EPS calculation.

Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Segment Financial Highlights

Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Materials Segment Financial and Operational Results

Fourth Quarter 2025 Materials Segment Review

Materials Segment revenue decreased 42% to $35.6 million year-over-year, primarily driven by the cessation of all REO sales to China in July 2025, which resulted in no revenue recognized from rare earth concentrate during the current quarter. The decrease in revenue was partially offset by an $11.1 million increase in NdPr oxide and metal sales due to a 20% increase in NdPr Sales Volume and higher market prices compared to the fourth quarter of 2024. When considering the impact of PPA income, total realized proceeds for the segment were $86.6 million in the quarter compared with $61.0 million in the prior year period. The increase in NdPr Sales Volume was driven by the continued ramp-up in the production of separated products.

Materials Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased by $41.6 million to $40.3 million year-over-year, driven mainly by the PPA Income for our NdPr products, which commenced on October 1, 2025.

Full Year 2025 Materials Segment Review

Materials Segment revenue decreased 21% to $160.4 million year-over-year, primarily driven by the decrease in rare earth concentrate revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025. This decline was partially offset by a $57.4 million increase in NdPr oxide and metal sales in 2025. The increase in NdPr oxide and metal sales was primarily due to the ramp-up in midstream operations, where a significantly higher portion of REO produced was refined and sold as NdPr oxide and metal during the current year.

Materials Segment Adjusted EBITDA increased by $31.0 million to $16.8 million year-over-year, driven mainly by the impact of the PPA Income, partially offset by the decrease in concentrate revenue discussed above, which was tempered by the corresponding decrease in cost of sales (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization and stock-based compensation expense) ("Segment COS"). In addition, segment COS were impacted by the significantly higher sales volumes of NdPr oxide in the current year, which was mostly offset by a reduction in related per-unit production costs.

Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Magnetics Segment Financial Results

Fourth Quarter and Full Year 2025 Magnetics Segment Review

Revenues in the Magnetics Segment for the three months and year ended December 31, 2025, were $19.9 million and $66.9 million, respectively, as the initial magnetic precursor product deliveries began during the first quarter of 2025. There were no corresponding sales in the prior year. The sales also drove the increases in the Magnetics Segment Adjusted EBITDA.

Conference Call Details

MP Materials will host a conference call to discuss these results at 2:00 p.m. Pacific Time, Thursday, February 26, 2026. To join the conference call on a listen-only basis, participants should dial 1-888-788-0099 and international participants should dial 1-646-876-9923 and enter the conference ID number: 94144035294 as well as the passcode: 993080. The live audio webcast along with the press release and accompanying slide presentation, will be accessible at investors.mpmaterials.com. A recording of the webcast will also be available following the conference call.

About MP Materials

MP Materials (NYSE:MP) is America's only fully integrated rare earth producer with capabilities spanning the entire supply chain—from mining and processing to advanced metallization and magnet manufacturing. We extract and refine materials from one of the world's richest rare earth deposits in California and manufacture the world's strongest and most efficient permanent magnets. Our products enable innovation across critical sectors of the modern economy, including transportation, energy, robotics, defense, and aerospace. More information is available at https://mpmaterials.com/.

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Forward-Looking Statements

This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. MP Materials Corp. (the "Company," "we," "us" and "our") intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of the words such as "estimate," "plan," "shall," "may," "project," "forecast," "intend," "expect," "anticipate," "believe," "seek," "will," "target," or similar expressions that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the price and market for rare earth materials; the continued demand for rare earth materials and the market for rare earth materials generally; future demand for magnets; estimates and forecasts of the Company's results of operations and other financial and performance metrics, including expected NdPr oxide production and shipments; the Company's mining and magnet projects, including the Company's ability to expand its heavy rare earth separation capabilities, and to develop the 10X Facility and to achieve run rate production of separated rare earth materials and production of commercial metal and magnets; the transactions ("Transactions") with the United States Department of War ( the "DoW") formerly known as the Department of Defense, the timing and consummation of future phases of the Transactions, the Company's and the DoW's future obligations related to the Transactions; the availability of government appropriations, funding and support for the Transactions; the availability of additional or replacement funding for our development projects and operations; statements regarding expectations and benefits of a long-term agreement with Apple and the Company's ability to supply U.S.-produced rare earth magnets; the ability to achieve technological advancements and supply chain objectives and the timing thereof; and statements related to the incentives in the State of Texas related to the 10X Facility. Such statements are all subject to risks, uncertainties and changes in circumstances that could significantly affect the Company's future financial results and business.

Accordingly, the Company cautions that the forward-looking statements contained herein are qualified by important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those reflected by such statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the heightened significance of the development of the Company's midstream and downstream operations, including ramping its separation capabilities, and its ability to vertically integrate its value chain; risks related to the timing and achievement of expected business milestones, including with respect to the construction of the 10X Facility; the availability of appropriations from the legislative branch of the federal government and the ability of the DoW to obtain funding and support for the Transactions; the determination by the legislative, judicial or executive branches of the federal government that any aspect of the Transactions was unauthorized, void or voidable; our ability to obtain additional or replacement financing, as needed; our ability to effectively assess, determine and monitor the financial, tax and accounting treatment of the Transactions, together with our and the DoW's obligations thereunder; challenges associated with identifying alternate sales channels and customers for the highly-specialized products contemplated by the Transactions should the partnership be altered or terminated; our ability to effectively use the proceeds and utilize the other anticipated benefits of the Transactions as contemplated thereby; risks related to the Company's long-term agreement with Apple and the Company's ability to meet the obligations thereunder, including risks related to our ability to construct, develop and scale our facilities, technology and production; fluctuations in the pricing and volume of the magnet products to be produced under the agreement with Apple, risks related to our ability to satisfy the conditions necessary to receive the Texas incentives related to the 10X Facility, our ability to effectively comply with the broader legal and regulatory requirements and heightened scrutiny associated with government partnerships and contracts; limitations on the Company's ability to transact with non-U.S. customers; changes in trade and other policies and priorities in U.S. and foreign governments, including with respect to tariffs; fluctuations, variability and uncertainty in demand and pricing in the market for rare earth products, including magnets; volatility in the price of our common stock; and those risk factors discussed in the Company's filings with the SEC, including Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and other documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

If any of these risks materialize or the assumptions prove incorrect, actual results could differ materially from the results implied by these forward-looking statements. The Company does not intend to update or revise publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed in this press release may not occur.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

This press release references certain non-GAAP financial measures, including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income (Loss), and Adjusted Diluted EPS, which have not been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States ("GAAP"). MP Materials defines Adjusted EBITDA as GAAP net income or loss before interest expense, net; income tax expense or benefit; and depreciation, depletion and amortization; further adjusted to eliminate the impact of stock-based compensation expense; initial start-up costs; transaction-related and other costs; accretion of asset retirement and environmental obligations; loss on environmental obligations; gain or loss on disposals of long-lived assets; gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt; other income or loss; and other items that management does not consider representative of our underlying operations. MP Materials defines Adjusted Net Income (Loss) as GAAP net income or loss excluding the impact of stock-based compensation expense; initial start-up costs; transaction-related and other costs; loss on environmental obligations; gain or loss on disposals of long-lived assets; gain or loss on early extinguishment of debt; and other items that management does not consider representative of our underlying operations; adjusted to give effect to the income tax impact of such adjustments. MP Materials defines Adjusted Diluted EPS as GAAP diluted earnings or loss per common share, excluding the per-share impact of each adjusting item described in the previous sentence (the numerator) divided by the adjusted diluted weighted-average shares outstanding (the denominator). In addition, when appropriate, we include an adjustment to reverse the impact of applying the if-converted method to our 2026 Notes if necessary to reconcile between GAAP diluted earnings or loss per common share and Adjusted Diluted EPS.

MP Materials' management uses Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income (Loss), and Adjusted Diluted EPS to compare MP Materials' performance to that of prior periods for trend analyses and for budgeting and planning purposes. MP Materials believes Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income (Loss), and Adjusted Diluted EPS provide useful information to management and investors regarding certain financial and business trends relating to MP Materials' financial condition and results of operations. MP Materials' management believes that the use of Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income (Loss), and Adjusted Diluted EPS provides an additional tool for investors to use in evaluating projected operating results and trends. MP Materials' method of determining these non-GAAP measures may be different from other companies' methods and, therefore, may not be comparable to those used by other companies and MP Materials does not recommend the sole use of these non-GAAP measures to assess its financial performance. Management does not consider non-GAAP measures in isolation or as an alternative or to be superior to financial measures determined in accordance with GAAP. The principal limitation of non-GAAP financial measures is that they exclude significant expenses and income that are required by GAAP to be recorded in MP Materials' financial statements. In addition, they are subject to inherent limitations as they reflect the exercise of judgments by management about which expense and income are excluded or included in determining these non-GAAP financial measures. In order to compensate for these limitations, management presents reconciliations of such non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures.

Segment Information

The Company's reportable segments, which are primarily based on the Company's internal organizational structure and types of products, are its two operating segments—Materials and Magnetics.

The Materials segment operates the Mountain Pass Rare Earth Mine and Processing Facility located near Mountain Pass, San Bernardino County, California, which produces refined rare earth products as well as rare earth concentrate and related products. The Magnetics segment operates a rare earth metal, alloy and magnet manufacturing facility in Fort Worth, Texas ("Independence"), where the Company produces and sells magnetic precursor products and commenced the manufacturing of neodymium-iron-boron ("NdFeB") permanent magnets in December 2025.

Segment Adjusted EBITDA is management's primary segment measure of profit or loss required by GAAP in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate the Company's resources. Segment Adjusted EBITDA is calculated as segment revenues and price protection agreement income less significant segment expenses, specifically, cost of sales (excluding depreciation, depletion and amortization and stock-based compensation expense) and selling, general and administrative expenses (excluding stock-based compensation expense), as well as certain other operating expenses (referred to as "other segment items"). Significant segment expenses and other segment items also exclude certain costs that are non-recurring, non-cash or are not related to the segments' underlying business performance.

Key Performance Indicators

REO Production Volume for a given period is measured in MTs, the Company's principal unit of sale for its concentrate product. This measure refers to the REO content contained in the rare earth concentrate we produce and includes volumes fed into downstream circuits for commissioning and starting up our separations facilities and for producing separated rare earth products, a portion of which is also included in our KPI, NdPr Production Volume. REO Production Volume is a key indicator of the mining and processing capacity and efficiency of the Company's upstream operations.

NdPr Production Volume for a given period is measured in MTs, the Company's principal unit of sale for its NdPr separated products. This measure refers to the volume of finished and packaged NdPr oxide produced at Mountain Pass for a given period. NdPr Production Volume is a key indicator of the separating and finishing capacity and efficiency of the Company's midstream operations.

NdPr Sales Volume for a given period is calculated in MTs and on an NdPr oxide-equivalent basis (as further discussed below). A unit, or MT, is considered sold once the Materials Segment recognizes revenue on its sale, whether sold as NdPr oxide or NdPr metal, as determined in accordance with GAAP. For these NdPr metal sales, the MTs sold and included in NdPr Sales Volume are calculated based on the volume of NdPr oxide used to produce such NdPr metal. We utilize an assumed material conversion ratio of 1.20, such that a sale of 100 MTs of NdPr metal would be included in this KPI as 120 MTs of NdPr oxide-equivalent. NdPr Sales Volume is a key measure of our ability to convert our production of separated NdPr products into revenue. Beginning with the fourth quarter of 2025, NdPr Sales Volume for the Materials Segment includes intercompany sales made to the Magnetics Segment.

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