TrustCo Reports 2025 Net Income of $61.1 Million for the Year; Posts Total Shareholder Return Three Times That Of Peers

Overview

Chairman, President, and CEO, Robert J. McCormick said, "The results announced today are absolutely stellar. Our team performed extraordinarily well on all levels. We have long-served Trustco Bank customers in a manner that has generated trust and earned loyalty. With this foundation, our retail area has been able to control cost of funds, which, in turn, expanded margin. The lenders finished strong, with the best quarterly loan growth of the year. The management team successfully executed a million-share buyback and then immediately sought and received regulatory approval for a further two-million share buyback, which we then fully funded. Thus, between what we have done, and what we are likely to do, we will have re-purchased more than 16% of the outstanding shares of our stock over the two-year period – and may not be done. Perhaps even more significantly, we grew total shareholder return 29% over the year, outpacing a major regional bank index and our proxy peers by a factor of more than three times. With our capital position still strong, and our credit quality remaining exceptional, I look forward to seeing our team deliver even greater value to our shareholders in 2026 and beyond."

Details

As the year came to an end, we continued to see meaningful net interest income improvement, and management expects net interest income improvement to remain sustainable. The Bank's loan and investment portfolios continue to reprice upward as lower yielding assets mature and are replaced with higher rate loan originations and bond investment purchases, driving steady improvement in overall asset yields. We believe that this ongoing repricing reflects disciplined loan production aligned with current market conditions. Complementing this, the Bank maintains a strong liquidity position, providing flexibility to support future growth as funding conditions continue to evolve. We believe that, together, these factors position the Bank to continue net interest income growth in the coming quarters and deliver long-term value to shareholders. Net interest income was $43.7 million for the fourth quarter 2025, an increase of $4.8 million, or 12.4%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2024, driven by loan growth at higher interest rates, and an increase in interest income on federal funds sold and other short-term investments. The net interest margin for the fourth quarter of 2025 was 2.82%, up 22 basis points from 2.60% in the fourth quarter of 2024. The yield on interest earnings assets increased to 4.24% in the fourth quarter of 2025, up 12 basis points from 4.12% in the fourth quarter of 2024. The cost of interest bearing liabilities decreased to 1.84% in the fourth quarter 2025, down from 1.97% in the fourth quarter 2024.

Average loans were up $126.8 million, or 2.5%, in the fourth quarter of 2025 over the same period in 2024. Average residential loans and Home Equity Credit Lines (HECLs), our primary lending focus, were up $50.6 million, or 1.2%, and $54.1 million, or 13.5%, respectively, in the fourth quarter 2025 over the same period in 2024. Average commercial loans also increased $24.5 million, or 8.6%, in the fourth quarter 2025 over the same period in 2024. We believe that this upward trend reflects improving economic confidence among borrowers, strong credit quality, and the Bank's focus on relationship lending. The consistent growth in the loan portfolio will likely enhance net interest income in the quarters ahead. Average deposits were up $208.0 million, or 3.9%, for the fourth quarter of 2025 compared to the fourth quarter 2024, primarily as a result of an increase in time deposits, interest bearing checking accounts, and demand deposits. The Bank's ongoing emphasis on relationship banking, combined with competitive product offerings and digital capabilities, has contributed to a broadening deposit base that supports ongoing loan growth and expansion.

During the fourth quarter of 2025, the Bank has remained focused on capital deployment and allocation, guided by a disciplined framework, with share repurchases serving as a key tool to enhance shareholder value. This reflects our confidence in the long-term strength of the franchise and our focus on capital optimization. For the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025, TrustCo repurchased 533 thousand shares, or 2.9%, and one million shares, or 5.3%, respectively, of TrustCo's outstanding common stock under the previously announced stock repurchase program. As a result, we have completed the repurchase of the maximum number of shares authorized for repurchase under the program that was authorized in the first quarter of 2025. Consequently, during the fourth quarter, the Company announced another stock repurchase program which allows the Company to repurchase up to two million shares, or 11.1%, of TrustCo common stock over the next year. We continue to believe that our approach ensures every dollar of capital is working to generate solid returns, strengthen customer relationships, and enhance shareholder value. As of December 31, 2025, our equity to asset ratio was 10.66%, compared to 10.84% as of December 31, 2024. Book value per share as of December 31, 2025 was $38.08, up 7.1% compared to $35.56 as of a year earlier.

Asset quality remains strong and has been consistent over the past twelve months. TrustCo recorded a provision for credit losses of $400 thousand in the fourth quarter of 2025, flat compared to $400 thousand for the same period in 2024. For the three months ended December 31, 2025 the provision for credit losses was the result of a provision for credit losses on loans of $300 thousand and a provision for credit losses on unfunded commitments of $100 thousand. The ratio of allowance for credit losses on loans to total loans was 0.99% as of both December 31, 2025 and 2024. The allowance for credit losses on loans was $52.2 million as of December 31, 2025, compared to $50.2 million as of December 31, 2024. Nonperforming loans (NPLs) were $20.7 million as of December 31, 2025, compared to $18.8 million as of December 31, 2024. NPLs were 0.39% and 0.37% of total loans as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The coverage ratio, or allowance for credit losses on loans to NPLs, was 252.5% as of December 31, 2025, compared to 267.3% as of December 31, 2024. Nonperforming assets (NPAs) were $22.1 million as of December 31, 2025, compared to $21.0 million as of December 31, 2024. While nonperforming loans increased modestly during the year, asset quality metrics remain stable and well covered by reserves, reflecting the Bank's conservative underwriting standards.

A conference call to discuss fourth quarter 2025 results will be held at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time on January 22, 2026. Those wishing to participate in the call may dial toll-free for the United States at 1-833-470-1428, and for Canada at 1-833-950-0062, Access code 774913. A replay of the call will be available for thirty days by dialing toll-free for the United States at 1-866-813-9403, Access code 268454. The call will also be audio webcast at https://events.q4inc.com/attendee/175579250, and will be available for one year.

About TrustCo Bank Corp NY

TrustCo Bank Corp NY is a $6.4 billion savings and loan holding company and through its subsidiary, Trustco Bank, operated 134 offices in New York, New Jersey, Vermont, Massachusetts, and Florida as of December 31, 2025.

In addition, the Bank's Wealth Management Department offers a full range of investment services, retirement planning and trust and estate administration services. The common shares of TrustCo are traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol TRST.

Forward-Looking Statements

All statements in this news release and the related earnings call that are not historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the "safe harbor" provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "goal," "seek," "believe," "project," "estimate," "expect," "strategy," "future," "likely," "may," "should," "will" and similar references to future development, results or periods. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements we make regarding our expectations for our future performance, including our expectations regarding net interest income and shareholder value for future quarters; the impact of our loan portfolio's growth on net interest income; the impact of the continued repricing of our loan and investment portfolios on overall asset yields; the amount of shares that we expect to repurchase in 2026; and the anticipated effects of our capital management strategy, including our stock repurchase program. Forward-looking statements are based on management's current expectations as well as certain assumptions and estimates made by, and information available to, management at the time the statements are made. Such forward-looking statements are subject to factors and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially for TrustCo from the views, beliefs and projections expressed in such statements. TrustCo wishes to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. The following important factors, among others, in some cases have affected and in the future could affect TrustCo's actual results and could cause TrustCo's actual financial performance to differ materially from that expressed in any forward-looking statement: future changes in interest rates; external economic factors, such as changes in monetary policy, ongoing inflationary pressures and continued elevated prices; exposure to credit risk in our lending activities; the risk of weakness in residential real estate markets; our increasing commercial loan portfolio; the sufficiency of our allowance for credit losses on loans to cover actual loan losses; our ability to meet the cash flow requirements of our depositors or borrowers or meet our operating cash needs to fund corporate expansion and other activities; claims and litigation pertaining to fiduciary responsibility and lender liability; the enforcement of federal cannabis laws and regulations and its impact on our ability to provide services in the cannabis industry; our dependency upon the services of the management team; our disclosure controls and procedures' ability to prevent or detect errors or acts of fraud; the adequacy of our business continuity and disaster recovery plans; the effectiveness of our risk management framework; the impact of any expansion by us into new lines of business or new products and services; an increase in the prevalence of fraud and other financial crimes; the impact of severe weather events and climate change on us and the communities we serve, including societal responses to climate change; environmental, social and governance risks, as well as diversity, equity, and inclusion-related risks, and their impact on our reputation and relationships; the chance of a prolonged economic downturn, especially one affecting our geographic market area; instability in global economic conditions and geopolitical matters, as well as volatility in financial markets; the soundness of other financial institutions; U.S. government shutdowns, credit rating downgrades, or failure to increase the debt ceiling; fluctuations in the trust wealth management fees we receive as a result of investment performance; the impact of regulatory capital rules on our growth; changes in laws and regulations, including changes in cybersecurity or privacy regulations; restrictions on data collection and use; our compliance with the USA PATRIOT Act, Bank Secrecy Act, and other laws and regulations that could result in material fines or sanctions; changes in tax laws; limitations on our ability to pay dividends; TrustCo Realty Corp.'s ability to qualify as a real estate investment trust; changes in accounting standards; competition within our market areas; consumers and businesses' use of non-banks to complete financial transactions; our reliance on fourth-party service providers; the impact of data breaches and cyber-attacks; the development and use of artificial intelligence; the impact of a failure in or breach of our operational or security systems or infrastructure, or those of fourth parties; the impact of an unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential client or customer information; the impact of interruptions in the effective operation of our computer systems; the impact of anti-takeover provisions in our organizational documents; the impact of the manner in which we allocate capital; and other risks and uncertainties set forth in our public filings made with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2025, June 30, 2025, and September 30, 2025, and future reports to be filed with the SEC. The forward-looking statements contained in this news release represent TrustCo management's judgment as of the date of this news release. TrustCo disclaims, however, any intent or obligation to update forward-looking statements, either as a result of future developments, new information or otherwise, except as may be required by law.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures Reconciliation

Tangible book value per share is a non-GAAP financial measure derived from GAAP-based amounts. We calculate tangible book value by excluding the balance of intangible assets from total shareholders' equity divided by shares outstanding. We believe that this is consistent with the treatment by bank regulatory agencies, which exclude intangible assets from the calculation of risk-based capital ratios. Additionally, we believe that this measure is important to many investors in the marketplace who are interested in relative changes from period to period in equity exclusive of changes in intangible assets.

Tangible equity as a percentage of tangible assets at period end is a non-GAAP financial measure derived from GAAP-based amounts. We calculate tangible equity and tangible assets by excluding the balance of intangible assets from total shareholders' equity and total assets, respectively. We calculate tangible equity as a percentage of tangible assets at period end by dividing tangible equity by tangible assets at period end. We believe that this is consistent with the treatment by bank regulatory agencies, which exclude intangible assets from the calculation of risk-based capital ratios. Additionally, we believe that this measure is important to many investors in the marketplace who are interested in relative changes from period to period in equity and total assets, each exclusive of changes in intangible assets.

Adjusted efficiency ratio is a non-GAAP measures of expense control relative to revenue from net interest income and non-interest fee income. We calculate the efficiency ratio by dividing total non-interest expense by the sum of net interest income and total non-interest income. We calculate the adjusted efficiency ratio by dividing total noninterest expenses as determined under GAAP, excluding other real estate expense, net, by net interest income and total noninterest income as determined under GAAP, excluding net gains on equity securities. We believe that this provides a reasonable measure of primary banking expenses relative to primary banking revenue. Additionally, we believe this measure is important to investors looking for a measure of efficiency in our productivity measured by the amount of revenue generated for each dollar spent.

We believe that these non-GAAP financial measures provide information that is important to investors and that is useful in understanding our financial results. Our management internally assesses our performance based, in part, on these measures. However, these non-GAAP financial measures are supplemental and not a substitute for an analysis based on GAAP measures. As other companies may use different calculations for these measures, this presentation may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures reported by other companies. A reconciliation of the non-GAAP measures of tangible book value to shares outstanding, tangible equity as a percentage of tangible assets, and efficiency ratio to the most directly comparable GAAP measures is set forth below.